Monday, March 28, 2011

THE PAYNE COMMUNITY STORE IN HUDSON

Buddy Payne owned and operated a community store, in addition to his farming activities, from about 1907 to 1937. This grocery and dry-goods store was located on the road linking Dodson and Sikes (now Jake Creel Road) and in front of his house that he built in 1905. The store began from earlier activities by Brack, Jim, and Buddy Payne in contracting for labor and materials associated with the timber business. Small community stores in the Deep South were a sort of community clearinghouse for all types of local news and transactions. Many of the store transactions were by credit or barter, and often customers would bring in chickens and eggs to trade for store merchandise. Buddy Payne would get so many of these chickens and eggs that he would make a weekly trip to Winnfield to sell these to the Winn Hotel and several cafes there. Buddy would also deliver groceries to several sites in the area, such as the turpentine camps where pine trees were cut for this product, and these poor employees, many of them black, had limited transportation opportunities. Martha Payne also worked in the store and would go from her house to the store when customers arrived and Buddy was away or was working in the nearby fields. The Payne approach, whether measuring and cutting cloth or weighing merchandise such as dried beans or rice, was to add a little bit for the customer's sake to the purchased measure or weight. Local farmers and customers would sometimes remain at the store as late as eight or nine o'clock at night, usually discussing some local news or issue with Buddy. Since most of the Payne store sales were based on credit and trust, the continuing Depression of the mid- and late-thirties meant that many customers were unable to pay their debts to the store, and Buddy had to close down the business.

Thursday, February 24, 2011

Early Winn Parish

According to Winnfield historian H. B. Bozeman, who wrote a column in the local newspaper for over a decade in the 1950s, the residents in the north central and northeastern parts of Winn Parish had a more difficult struggle for livelihood in the 1800s and early 1900s than the farmers and ranchers to the south and west of them. Most of the larger slaveholders in Winn Parish were in the southern part of the parish and along the Red River. North of Winnfield were the communities of Dodson, Gaar's Mill, and Hudson, as well as Sikes over in the northeastern corner of the parish. The small community of New Hope (near Gaar's Mill and just north of Hudson), appears on some maps and records in the early 1900s with the name of Payne or Grady (named for prominent families in that area). Bozeman describes the hill farmers of Wards 3 and 7 of the parish (1956 issue, #8) as being hard working, thrifty/frugal, independent in thought, and ambitious for their children. Almost all were church members, and usually Baptists or Methodists. The land in these wards was less fertile and more hilly or sandy than land to the west and south in the parish. Farms here were smaller, too, and usually just 40-160 acres.

Many had settled in this area in the early or mid 1800s after traveling from rural areas of the Carolinas, Tennessee, Georgia, and Alabama and having passed through Natchez. The city on the Mississippi River was an important junction for both the Three Notch Road and the Natchez Trace from points east and northeast of there. They next traveled to Winn Parish on the Harrisonburg Road which went west from Natchez to Natchitoches (part of the earlier Spanish Camino Real linking San Antonio to St. Augustine, Florida). Often these families traveled west banding together with relatives and friends in twenty to thirty wagon trains. Safety was critical due to gangs and robbers, who preyed on these travelers, and for assistance with wagon repairs on these rough frontier trails (hardly improved from original paths of the Spanish and Native Americans). Highwaymen would occasionally pick off the last trailing wagon or wagons in these convoys by assaulting the ones in wagons having problems or being delayed. Infamous criminals and gang leaders, such as Samuel Mason, the Copeland Brothers, John Murrell, and the John West-Laws Kimball Clan, were actively victimizing travelers and settlers before and after the Civil War period.

From records that I've studied, Dr. I. B. Payne received about a thousand dollars and had two or three slaves that he inherited from the estate of his grandfather (Isaac Mitchell) in 1858 and prior to his move west to Winn Parish. He originally settled or held land closer to Winnfield (near the community of Tennehill), but later settled in the community of New Hope.

Saturday, January 29, 2011

More Winn Parish and Payne History: Hudson Holiness Camp Meeting & College

The Hudson Camp Meeting started in 1899 on 40 acres donated by Rev. W.M.D. Garr and J.B. (Brax) Payne. W.M.D. Garr was a talented preacher, educator, successful businessman and the largest native, individual landowner in Winn Parish at that time. Brax OR Braxton Payne was one of the sons of Dr. I.B. Payne and Sarah Foster Kidd, and he was also a community leader and sawmill owner/operator. Other Payne brothers, such as Buddy, had a share, too, in helping build the camp meeting site (as described in an interview of Buddy in a July 24, 1966 article in the Monroe Morning World) .

The centennial 1952 issue of the Winn Parish Enterprise describes a visit to the Ebenezer Camp Meeting near Montgomery by Garr and Payne and their subsequent intention to create a tabernacle and camp meeting in their part of Winn Parish. During the early days of the Hudson Interdenominational Camp Meeting, people prepared tents and shelters on the camp meeting grounds in order to stay for all or part of the two weeks of the annual camp meeting. In later years and after improved transportation means, some people just came and left each day, while others stayed nearby in the Hudson Holiness College's dormitory rooms (that served as a hotel). The August 30, 1912 issue of the Dodson Times (p. 5) relates that Robert E. Young (brother-in-law of Buddy Payne) "will have charge of the hotel during the Hudson Camp Meeting now in progress at that place. He will also handle feed stuff and will be glad to serve all who need anything in his line." Camp meeting attendance was estimated at times to reach as high as 1500 people.

J.L. (Jim) Payne, brother of Brax and Buddy, was the camp meeting secretary for over twenty years, starting in 1915. He also wrote hymns and poems, such as "Beulah Heights," that was published in the Dodson Times on May 5, 1904. Payne in-laws, such as Morris Simmons and James Bonnette, later assumed this camp meeting secretary role. Buddy Payne made the trip south to Winnfield each year to visit business owners and collect donations to help fund the camp meeting. Even now, the old camp meeting continues through several Payne descendants filling leadership positions (Robert Leach and Patsy Sharp).

Major construction of the Louisiana Holiness College was not completed until about 1907. The publication, Legends and Legacies of Winn Parish (Vol. 1, Issue 4, 1998, p. 138), tells about construction in 1906 of one of the three-story buildings there with its 26 rooms, including offices, classrooms, music and recitation areas, as well as a dining hall. Faculty taught courses such as literacy, business, stenography, typewriting, music, and theology. Rail service linked this college and Dodson, and dormitory rooms at the college were available for students. The Louisiana Holiness College opened in 1906 as an expansion and enhancement of the earlier Hudson Training School and College (started in 1896 at that site). W.M.D. Gaar, a minister of the Protestant Methodist Church, was the president of the LHC, and he and his family and friends were able financially to give the college a good start.

The web site "The People's Story of the Southern Nazarene University" describes the LHC and other early colleges in the South that had Nazarene religious ties or support. Leaders in the LHC at Hudson appealed to the Nazarene Church for union with or adoption by the church to help meet its increasing financial needs after 1910 or so. "Garr came to realize ... that meeting the demands of maintaining the College single-handedly was impracticable. Also, most students from the hardscrabble area in north central Louisiana found it impossible to meet the small charges that were assessed. Failing to achieve Nazarene affiliation, and the help that was expected from it, the leaders came to the painful decision to close the school. Final closure came at the end of the 1912 academic year." The buildings on the LHC campus after it closed were used as temporary housing purposes for the camp meeting and for Sunday school classes.

Thursday, December 23, 2010

Quick Update

I'm sending my contact letter to about 60 addresses of individuals and couples who were on Patsy Sharp's mailing list. Most of those addresses seemed correct based on web verification or I found new ones, but there were some folks who seem to have moved (or at least I couldn't find a recent address for them). If you have a correct current address for those below, please e-mail me (steve.payne@gcsu.edu) and I'll make sure they are contacted. Thanks. --- Steve

Johnny Blackman, Tim & Carla Gibson, Ronnie & Kim Hemphill, Doris Payne Henderson, Mr./Mrs. R.L. McKnight, David & Cynthia Powe, Steve & Lynne Regan, Andrew & Gail Smith, and Leonard & Carrie Williams

Tuesday, December 21, 2010

Welcome Payne/Foster/Kidd family members.


Perhaps some of you are checking this blog site for the first time and after receiving my mailed update during this holiday season. I'm using this site to post news about our annual reunion, as well as bits and pieces about the history of our family and Winn Parish where our ancestors lived just before and long after the Civil War. Hope some of you in our family will respond with info that I can share here.

Dr. Isaac Bonaparte Payne and his wife, Sarah Jane Foster Kidd, will be a major and obvious choice for attention on this blog site; however, for this long post I'm going to describe aspects of Winn Parish history and members of our family about which/whom some of you are largely unaware.

Winn Parish shares some characteristics with other largely rural Southern locations, but it was truly a distinctive place in many ways. Huey Long and his political philosophy had roots going back at least to the Civil War. One historian, H.T. Kane, in 1941 claimed that "Winn became known as the wildest, orneriest parish of Louisiana, with a mind of its own and a will like a mule's." He described its people as poor and "persnickety" and producing only the crop of "dissent" in abundance.

The independent nature of those in Winn Parish was seen at the Louisiana Secession Convention held in early 1861, when its representative was one of only 17 to vote against secession and one of only seven to refuse to sign the passed ordinance. Many in the parish refused to enlist, and some fought openly for the Union side. They complained specifically about the ten percent tax (in kind) that the Confederacy had imposed on their crops. Many in Winn and Jackson Parishes protested the Confederacy draft, and conscription in this area into the Confederate forces was very limited. W. I. Hair (1991, p. 25) estimated that up to half of Winn's eligible young, white males escaped to hideaways in the thick forests and swamps there. According to his Union army friend John W. Shumaker, in a 1879 statement that Dr. Isaac B. Payne filed with the Southern Claims Commision for reparations, Dr. Payne escaped conscription from the Confederate cavalry and headed to the North. He returned later saying that the climate there was "too cold for him," and "his desire was for the U.S. to succeed." Later in 1864 Dr. Payne delivered several horses to Pineville for U.S. cavalry scouts there under the Union command of General Banks. Dr. Payne during the Reconstruction Period of 1871-1873 served as a justice of the peace and a police juror for the parish (at a time when former Confederate soldiers and supporters were restricted from parish or state offices, and some of them worked behind the scenes with home guard and clan activities).

Winn Parish was known for its strong agrarian interests after the Civil War. Agricultural associations, such as the Grange, located in the parish. The Grange state convention was held at Gaar's Mill in 1883, and a Grange store was built later in Sikes. Winn Parish was home to the Farmers' Alliance in the 1880s and the birthplace of the People's Party. The state's leading populist journal, called The Comrade, was begun in the parish when Alliance proponents bought the only parish newspaper. The Comrade was a weekly published every Thursday (Brinkley, 1982, p. 11), and "devoted to the interests of the People's Party and of Organized Labor, and engaged in the defense of the masses against the encroachment of the money power. Populism as a political movement hoped to organize farmers and workers to bury sectional (north vs. south) and racial (black vs. white) hostilities and to lead to more equity and less corporate domination. Winn Parish became the bastion of populism in Louisiana, and no other county in the South gave it more support. The Populist gubernatorial candidate in 1892, R. L. Tannehill, was a local resident and received 76.7% of the Winn Parish vote that year (Hair, 1991, p. 16).

Populism faded after the 1896 election, when the Populists joined the Democrats, but a more radical agarianism developed in the parish. Its followers drew largely upon ex-Populist farmers and from timber workers who felt exploited by corporations that moved into this virgin timber land, paid relatively low wages, and had little worker safety/health concern. The railroads and sawmills had been enthusiastically welcomed into the parish. Such industry brought new prosperity to some, but it changed the nature of life and work for those in the parish and created some new problems and stresses. A socialist group was formed in Sikes, and one of the very few socialist newspapers in the South, called The Toiler, was published in Dodson (Hair, 1991, p. 370). The message of this publication was a repeat of what some in the parish had long been saying about the rich getting richer and the poor getting poorer (Eakin, 1997, p. 50). Among the strong socialist supporters there was Turtulian Clement (or T. C.) Kidd, a son of Sarah Foster Kidd Payne by her first husband Iverson Kidd. T. C. Kidd served for several years as the secretary of the Socialist group in Sikes in the early 1900s (The Comrade, 12/12/1910). He was also the postmaster of the New Hope community (which some maps back then listed as the community of Payne or Grady).

So we have two family representives (as step-brothers) who held prominent positions in the area in the first decade of the 1900s. T. C. Kidd was one, and Joel T. Payne was the other. Joel T. Payne (son of Dr. Payne and Sarah Foster Kidd) was also a postmaster for Payne/Grady from 1895-1902, later editor and publisher of the Dodson Times, and also a Dodson mayor for a term starting in 1903. Joel T. Payne was somewhat more moderate politically. He belonged to the Woodmen of the World and the Farmers Union, and pushed as Dodson Times editor for improvements in roads/schools.

Guess this is enough history for one post, but I wanted to show how linked our family members were to the unique history of Winn Parish. Almost all of this post came from parts of the first two chapters of The I.B. Payne Families of Winn Parish (2002). For the full references (or otherwise) concerning the description above, check with me. I'll probably share other historical and family info in future posts -- particularly if there's interest in this. --- Steve

Monday, September 27, 2010

2010 Payne/Foster Family Reunion

It's that time of year again, especially after this long, hot summer and with the nice days that we usually get in October. Hope many in our extended family will make the drive in the country to the old Hudson Camp Grounds on Saturday, October 16 (10 am - 3 pm). Don't forget to bring your favorite covered-dish item and then see and enjoy what others have to share.

If you need directions or have questions about this year's reunion, please contact Patsy Sharp, our secretary/treasurer, by mail (523 Jake Creel Road, Dodson, LA 71422) or telephone (318-628-5646).

One bit of news: Tom Kelly, the editor and publisher of the Piney Woods Journal, based in Dodson, LA, has started an on-line newpaper called the Dodson Times. In both the September 2010 issue of the Piney Woods Journal (p. 5) and this on-line Dodson Times are articles about Joel Payne, the editor of the original Dodson Times of a century ago.

Sunday, May 16, 2010

Info on Buddy and Martha Payne Reunion

When: June 11-12, 2010
Where: Hudson Community Center
Activities: Friday Night -- Snack and yak
Saturday -- Breakfast 8-10 AM, followed by visit to cemetery; tour of homes (refreshments); potluck supper at 5 PM; beanbag baseball, etc.
Sunday -- Breakfast 8-10 AM; devotional; lunch & clean up